Nobel Prize winners From India

 

A person or organisation awarded the Nobel Prize is called Nobel Prize laureate. Let’s know about the Indian whom World recognized as Nobel Laureates, who brightens the sky with their knowledge, thoughts and researches.

 

   

Rabindranath Tagore (1913)   

                            Rabindranath Tagore is widely famous for many reasons but he is famous among the Indians irrespective of ages as the writer of our national anthem. Rabindranath Tagore a Bengali poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter never failed to proud us as an Indian in several global stages. He was also a freedom fighter; despite his political arguments with Mahatma Gandhi they had mutual respect between them. He won Nobel Prize in 1913 in the category of literature for timeless book Gitanjali (Song offerings). A devotional book consists of 157 poems translated in English in 1912. Nobel committee quoted "because of his profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse, by which, with consummate skill, he has made his poetic thought, expressed in his own English words, a part of the literature of the West" The Nobel committee recognized him as "an author who, in conformity with the express wording of Alfred Nobel's last will and testament, had during the current year, written the finest poems «of an idealistic tendency."

Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1930)

                          He was the first Nobel laureate from Asia in the branch of science; he studied and developed his knowledge in India despite less exposure and facilities in his time when people used to travel to foreign countries for higher studies. He performed an important role in most of the scientific development in pre and post independent India. He ignited the fire of science in many students through IACS and Raman Research centre. He also founded Indian Academy of Sciences. He successfully mentored hundreds of successful scientist during his life time. He was the first person to receive the highest civilian award of India that is Bharat Ratna. Among all of his achievements he was mostly famous for his study in the field of scattering. He used to measure his readings with spectrograph which was developed by him. He and his student K. S. Krishnan discovered that when light traverses a transparent material, the deflected light changes its wavelength and frequency. This phenomenon, a hitherto unknown type of scattering of light, which they called "modified scattering”, was subsequently termed the Raman Effect or Raman scattering. Raman Effect was discovered on 28^th February 1928, to remember this day and in the honour of CV Raman government announced this day as National science day.

 Har Gobind Khorana (1968)

                       He was not awarded for India province because he shift to America and got the citizenship of America. Har Gobind Khorana an Indian American biochemist shared Nobel Prize with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert W. Holley in the category of physiology or medicine for the discovery of order of nucleotides in nucleic acids, which carry the genetic code of the cell and control the cell's synthesis of proteins. He was born in Raipur, Punjab in British India and then shifted to England in 1945 for the study of organic chemistry with Government India Scholarship.

Teresa Bojaxhiu, M.C. (1979)

                       She was popularly known by the name Mother Teresa because of her charitable works. Her case is just opposite to the case of Har Gobind Khorana, he born in India then shifted to America where is Mother Teresa born in other country then shifted to India. Mother Teresa an Albanian-Indian nun was popular for her Missionaries of Charity. Her charity manages home for the victims who are dying in AIDS, leprosy and tuberculosis. He arranges food and medical facilities for poor people. According to the writer of her biography she was worshiped like deity in Calcutta by some People. She won 1979 Nobel Peace Prize for his charitable works.

Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar (1983)

                   Indian – American theoretical physicist Subramanyan Chandrasekhar won Nobel laureate title in 1983 for the discovery and the theory of evolution of stars. In his theory he basically described about the fate and fortune of star. His theory was discarded and disrespected by several scientist in earlier time but after some years his theory accepted by everyone. Stephen hawking in his book of a brief history of time he mentioned about Chandrasekhar and his theory. He spent his professional life in America from 1953 to 1995.

Amartya Sen (1998)

                    Economist and philosopher Amartya Sen is the reason for many economical development in India in terms of Economics education and interest of students towards Economics. Since 1972 he has taught and worked in the United Kingdom and the United States. Sen has made contributions to welfare economics, social choice theory, economic and social justice, economic theories of famines, decision theory, development economics, public health, and measures of well-being of countries. Still now he is teaching in Harvard University at the age of 89 years. He won 1998 Nobel Economics science for the contribution to well fare Economics.

Venkatraman "Venki" Ramakrishnan (2009)

                      Venki Ramakrishnan an Indian- British-American structural biologist shared his Nobel Prize with Thomas A. Steitz and Ada Yonath for research on the structure and function of ribosomes. He was born in a Tamil speaking scientist family. His parents were also renowned scientists; from there he gained inspiration for research. He also served as 62^nd president of Royal society 2015 to 2020.

Kailash Satyrthi

                    A Modern Indian social reformer Kailash Satyrthi saved around 86,000 children from child labour and also a great supporter of Education for everyone. He is also the founder of several organisations like Bachpan Bachao Andolan, Global March against Child Labour, Global Campaign for Education, Kailash Satyarthi Children's Foundation, and Bal Ashram Trust. He is the co-recipient of Nobel peace prize along with Malala Yousafzai in 2014.

Abhijit Banerjee

                    Abhijit Banerjee won Nobel Prize for experimental approach to alleviating global poverty in 2019. He shared Nobel Prize with Esther Duflo and Michael Kremer. He and his wife Esther Duflo are the 6^th couple who jointly won Nobel Prize.

                   Many Indian also got nominated for Nobel Prize but unfortunately they got rejected for some resons. Despite Nobel Prize being the greatest prize in world but it failed to measure the knowledge of many Indian. There contribution towards their fields will remember him always.

                                                                                                            

                                                                                                                           Hungry and Foolish

Answers covered for the questions:

1. Why national science day is observed?
2. Who is the first from India to win Nobel prize for science?
3. How many Indians won Nobel?
4. First Indian to win Nobel Economics?
5. Who is the first to win Nobel Prize from India?
6. Which Nobel Prize did V Ramakrishnan win?
7. Which 2 Indian scientists won Nobel Prize in physics?
8. Why did C.V. Raman get a Nobel Prize?
9. Why did Tagore get the Nobel Prize?